施用高效氮肥对农田N2O的减排效果及经济效益分析

收集高效氮肥N2O排放资料,利用整合分析法分析高效氮肥对N2O的减排效果.稳定性氮肥排放的N2O是普通肥料的0.66倍,减排效果显著;包膜缓释氮肥N2O排放量为普通氮肥的0.95倍,无显著减排效果.若将全国范围的普通氮肥替换为稳定性氮肥、且用N量不变时,稳定性氮肥在中国农田的N2O减排潜力均值为1.03×108 kgN/a,碳排放交易收入为16.86亿元/a;根据现有市场上稳定性氮肥的价格,每亩地每季补贴4.9元,碳排放交易收入和稳定性氮肥成本增加量相抵.由于稳定性氮肥能有效提高N利用率,保证农作物吸N总量不变时减少用N量,稳定性肥料N利用率提高8个百分点时,N2O减排经济效益(即碳排放交易收入-稳定性氮肥成本增加量)为94亿元/a.

N2O mitigation effects and economic impacts from enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers from fields in China

Enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers, including stabilized N fertilizers with inhibitors and coated N fertilizers, can increase N utilization efficiencies. We collected data on N2O emission of enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers from publications and analyzed their mitigation effects by meta-analysis. The average N2O emission from stabilized N fertilizers was 0.66 times of that from corresponding common N fertilizers. The average mitigation effects was 0.95, with no significant roles (p>0.05). Using stabilized N fertilizers instead of common N fertilizers with the same N amount in China, combining with nitrogen fertilizer and crop data from Statistic Yearbook of China, we calculated the mitigation amount of stabilized N fertilizers from fields in China as 1.03×108 kg N in 2009 by Monte-Carlo simulation. Multiplying the current price of CO2, the income from N2O reduced emission with applying with stabilized N fertilizers was 16.86 million per year. For stabilized N fertilizers could promote N utilization efficiencies, the economic benefits were 94 million per year with N utilization efficiencies increased by 8 percent point in current level.