Hazardous healthcare waste management in the Kingdom of Bahrain |
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| Authors: | LF Mohamed SA Ebrahim AA Al-Thukair |
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| Institution: | 1. Environmental Management Program, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, P.O. Box 26671, Manama, Bahrain;2. Engineering and Maintenance Department, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 12, Manama, Bahrain;3. Chemistry Department, King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals, P.O. Box 157, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Industrial Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey;1. Laboratory of Solid and Hazardous Waste Management, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece;2. Medical Biopathologist, General Hospital of Xanthi, Greece;1. Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, 53 Kabanbay batyr ave., Astana, Kazakhstan;2. National Technical University of Athens, School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, 9, Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zographou Campus, 15773 Athens, Greece;1. Saint Joseph University, Faculty of Sciences, Chemistry Department, B.P. 11-514, 11072050, Lebanon;2. “arcenciel”, Environment Program, B.P. 165216, Beirut, Lebanon;3. Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Ingénieurs en Arts Chimiques Et Technologiques, Toulouse, France;2. Centre for Sustainable Waste Management, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK |
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| Abstract: | Hazardous healthcare waste has become an environmental concern for many developing countries including the Kingdom of Bahrain. There have been several significant obstacles facing the Kingdom in dealing with this issue including; limited documentation regarding generation, handling, management, and disposal of waste. This in turn hinders efforts to plan better healthcare waste management. In this paper, hazardous waste management status in the Kingdom has been investigated through an extensive survey carried out on selected public and private healthcare premises. Hazardous waste management practices including: waste generation, segregation, storage, collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal were determined. The results of this study along with key findings are discussed and summarized. In addition; several effective recommendations and improvements of hazardous waste management are suggested. |
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