黄河流域典型湿地生态环境需水量研究

运用科克兰(Cocnran)Q检验法,将黄河流域湿地分为河道湿地型、河滨湿地型、河口型3类.基于生态水文学方法,计算了黄河流域典型湿地生态环境需水量,提出了“湿地生态环境需水量计算时应主要关注湿地消耗水量”的观点,并进一步将黄河流域湿地生态环境需水量分为最小、适宜和理想3个等级.计算结果表明,黄河流域湿地最小、适宜、理想生态环境需水量分别为2 0 .3×10 8m3、3 7.6×10 8m3和5 4.9×10 8m3;黄河流域典型湿地与河道重复量为1.9×10 8m3.研究结果显示,要维持湿地基本的生态环境功能,需每年最小向湿地分配水量2 0 .3×10 8m3.为使黄河流域湿地恢复到理想状态的需水量为5 4.9×10 8m3.

Study on the eco-environmental water requirement for wetland in Yellow River basin

Based on Cochran-Q Test, wetlands of Yellow River valley could be divided into three types: channel wetland, riparian wetland and estuary wetland. The eco-environmental water requirement for wetlands in Yellow River basin was calculated based on eco-hydrology. And viewpoint that the consumption was the important component of eco-environmental water requirement was established. The water requirement for wetlands in Yellow River basin could be divided into three grades as minimum, suitable and he best grades. The calculated results showed that the minimum eco-environmental water requirement for Yellow River basin wetlands was 20.3×108 m3, the suitable one was 37.6×108 m3, and the best was 54.9×108 m3, the repetitive water amount for wetland and riverbed is 1.9×108 m3. To maintain the basic eco-function of wetlands, 20.3×108m3 of water was needed, and 54.9×108m3 of water could take wetlands to their original status.