Topological structure and interaction strengths in model food webs |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto ON, Canada M5S 3G5;2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton ON, Canada L8S 4M1;3. Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;1. Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, A?ker?eva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Jo?ef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. Ru?er Bo?kovi? Institute, Bjieni?ka 54, Zagreb, Croatia;1. Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Rue Dumont d’Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France;2. Observatoire du Domaine Côtier, UMS 3113, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Rue Dumont d’Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France;3. UMR 6250, LIENSs, Université de la Rochelle, Bât. Marie Curie, Rue Paul-Emile Victor, 17000, La Rochelle, France;4. Laboratoire EPOC, UMR 5805 Université de Bordeaux I, CNRS, Station Marine d’Arcachon, 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120, Arcachon, France;5. Unité Ecologie et Modèles pour l’Halieutique, Ifremer, BP21105, Rue de l’Ile d’Yeu, 44311, Nantes Cedex 03, France;6. Agrocampus Ouest, UMR 985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, CS 84215, 65 Rue de St Brieuc, 35042, Rennes, France;1. Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany;2. Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;1. Aquatic Ecology Research Unit, Department Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Ghent University, Belgium;2. Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Biology Department, University of Namur, Belgium;3. Department of Capture Fisheries and Resources Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Viet Nam |
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| Abstract: | We report the results of carrying out a large number of simulations on a coevolutionary model of multispecies communities. A wide range of parameter values were investigated which allowed a rather complete picture of the change in behaviour of the model as these parameters were varied to be built up. Our main interest was in the nature of the community food webs constructed via the simulations. We identify the range of parameter values which give rise to realistic food webs and give arguments which allow some of the structure which is found to be understood in an intuitive way. Since the webs are evolved according to the rules of the model, the strengths of the predator–prey links are not determined a priori, and emerge from the process of constructing the web. We measure the distribution of these link strengths, and find that there are a large number of weak links, in agreement with recent suggestions. We also review some of the data on food webs available in the literature, and make some tentative comparisons with our results. The difficulties of making such comparisons and the possible future developments of the model are also briefly discussed. |
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