电子与电器废弃物资源化处理技术

当今世界电子、电器工业快速发展,层出不穷的技术创新与持续膨胀的市场需求加速了电子与电器设备的更新换代,产生了大量的电子与电器废弃物(WEEE).鉴于WEEE所带来的严重的环境问题及其所含有的金属、贵金属、塑料及玻璃等高利用价值的材料,对WEEE进行资源化再循环处理已成为人们关注的热点.WEEE组成材料在密度、铁磁性、导电性等物理性质方面的较大差异使采用环境友好的机械物理方法对其进行资源化再循环处理成为可能.就WEEE拆解及其所含物质机械物理分离研究进展进行了综述.

Technologies of recycling waste electric and electronic equipment

The production of electric and electronic equipment(EEE) is one of the fastest growing businesses worldwide.Both technological innovation and market expansion continue to accelerate the replacement of EEE leading to a significant increase of waste EEE(WEEE).In view of the environmental problem induced by WEEE and the high residual value of the materials contained in WEEE,such as precious metals,metals,plastics and glass,the recycling of WEEE is attracting widespread attention.Based on the differences of density,magnetic and electric conductivity properties among the materials contained in WEEE,a cost-effective and environmentally friendly mechanical/physical recycling system could be developed.In this paper,selective disassembly targeting on singling out hazardous and/or valuable components of WEEE and the mechanical/physical recycling processes,such as screening,shape separation,magnetic separation,eddy current separation,electrostatic separation and density-based separation,are described.