东沙沙洲离岸潮间带风电场建设对鸟类的影响

对东沙沙洲离岸潮间带风电场的建设给鸟类造成的影响进行了调查。分析表明,噪声对东沙沙洲迁徙鸟类影响不大;光对夜间迁徙鸟类造成一定的影响;风机对候鸟迁徙影响不大,少数低飞候鸟可能存在撞机风险;风机基础和人工岛的永久占地造成的直接生物量损失为3.2 t/a,总计损失约64万元;风电场建设将使东沙沙洲鸟类栖息地面积减少81.5 km2,约占总栖息地面积的13.9%,但风机对鸻鹬类等中小型涉禽、水鸟的觅食影响不大,风电场区域仍可作为这些鸟类的觅食地。在影响分析的基础上提出了设计、施工、运营阶段相应的防范措施。

Effectof Construction ofOffshore W ind Farm in Intertidal Zoneson Birdsin Dongsha Sandbank

The influence on birds caused by construction of offshore wind farm was investigated. The results showed that noise had no obvious effect on the migratory birds in Dongsha Sandbank; light mainly caused a cer- tain influence on the migratory birds at night; wind turbine made little impact on the migration of birds, only few low-flying birds might have collision risk; permanently using land for wind turbine foundation and an artificial is- land would result a direct biomass loss of 3.2 t/a, about 640 000 yuan ; due to the construction of wind farm, the area of bird habitat would decrease 81.5 km2 ,which occupied approximately 13.9% of the total habitat area. But wind turbine had slightly effect on the feeding of shorebirds and other small or medium wading birds or water birds, and the wind farm area could still act as feeding-grounds for these birds. The corresponding prevention measures in design, construction and operation were presented based on the impact analysis.