灾害应急网络系统中的风险信息传递与沟通

为了探讨灾害的风险传递规律及其风险传递的阻断措施,基于系统理论和信息论的原理,将灾害应急管理体系视为一个复杂的系统,讨论灾害风险传递系统中要素的关联性和信息感知的非线性特性可能产生风险的传递性。结果表明,风险的传递性主要存在于信息缺乏和应急知识的不成熟的灾害应急网络体系中,并且可以将风险传递结构关系分成关系型、层次型、树形和网状型4种类型。最后,利用信息熵的方法表述信息在传递中的损失,指出风险沟通可以阻断风险传递链。

Transmission and Communication of Risk Information in Disaster Emergency Network System

In order to discuss the principle of risk transmission and its blocking measures,based on systemic theory and information theory,the risk transitivity caused by the relevance of system elements and the nonlinear characteristic of information perception is analyzed through regarding the disaster emergency management system as a complex one.The analysis results show that the risk transitivity mainly exists in the immature system of disaster emergency management,which lacks information and emergency knowledge.The structure of risk transmission can be classified into such 4 kinds as relationship type,hierarchic type,tree type and network type.Finally the information loss in the transfer process is studied by using information entropy,and the fact that the risk communication can cut off the link of risk transfer is pointed out.