电厂燃煤锅炉排放烟尘粒径和多环芳烃的分布及致突变特性

本文研究电厂UG-35/39-M型工业锅炉分别燃烧原煤和型煤时排放烟尘的径和多环芳烃的分布及其直接致突变特性.按粒径的大小将烟尘分成降尘、飘尘和烟气三部分收集,结果表明,多环芳烃主要分布在飘尘和烟气中,其中飘尘内集中了大部分高环的多环芳烃,烟气内集中了大部分低环的多环芳烃;飘尘和烟气的Ames试验致突变性之和比降尘高5—6倍,锅炉燃烧型煤排放烟尘的总量比烧原煤低50—60％,而且直接致突变性也比较低,由此看来,型煤燃烧技术是目前防治煤烟型大气污染的一种重要方法。

Distribution of Particle Sizes and Polycyclie Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Emitted from the Coal-Fired Plants and Their Mutagenic Characteristics

Reported in this paper are the discussions on distribution of particle sizes and PAHs emitted from a UG-35/39-M Typed boiler fired with coarse coal and briquettes respectively. The flue dust was collected separately into dust-fall, floating dust and smoke in accordance with particle sizes. It was showed that PAHs mostly existed in floating dust and smoke, i. e., low-number rings of PAHs distributed mainly in smoke while high-number ring ones in floating dust. The sum of mutagencity of both floating dust and smoke was 5-6 times higher than that of dust-fall by Ames Test. When briquettes were substituted for coarse coal, the total floating dust emission would decrease approximately by 50-60% in weight. And muta-gencity of the emissions by burning briquettes were much lower than that by burning coarse coal. So the briquette combustion technology will be one of important measures for reducing air pollution.