微生物胞外电子传递过程强化机制及污染物高效转化

微生物水处理技术因运行成本低、处理量大、环境影响小等优点，被广泛的用于市政污水和工业废水的处理.微生物水处理的本质过程是生物催化氧化，涉及不同微生物种群间物质、能量和电子传输过程，而微生物胞外电子传递过程是影响其处理效率的关键因素之一.本研究立足于微生物氧化的原理，从介体材料强化、光电磁强化及微生物电化学强化等角度，系统论述了铁基材料、碳基材料、光、电、磁等对微生物电子传递过程的影响与机制.在此基础上，本论文总结了微生物电化学系统原理，分析了该系统中各类强化材料、强化技术对微生物胞外电子传递的影响，揭示了强化条件下污染物高效转化的作用机制，介绍了基于各种强化原理的系统构建因素及应用现状，并展望了该技术的发展趋势及存在的挑战.

Strengthening mechanisms of microbial extracellular electron transfer process and efficient transformation of pollutants

Due to the advantages of low cost, large treatment capacity and low environmental impacts, microbial water treatment technology was widely used in municipal sewage and industrial wastewater treatments. The essential process of microbial water treatment was the bio-catalytic oxidation involving the transfer process of substances, energy and electrons between different microbial populations, while microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) process was one of the key factors affecting the treatment efficiency. Focusing on the principle of microbial oxidation, this paper systematically discussed the impacts and mechanisms of iron-based materials, carbon-based materials, light, electric field, magnetic field and microbial electrochemical system on microbial electron transfer process from the perspectives of mediator, photo-electro-magnetic and microbial electrochemical enhancement. On this basis, this paper summarized the principle of microbiological electrochemical system, analyzed the influence of various strengthening materials and technologies on EET, revealed the high-efficiency conversion mechanism of pollutants under the enhancement conditions, introduced the system construction factors and application status based on various enhancement principles, and prospected the development trends and challenges of this technology.