石墨烯气凝胶强化氯霉素废水厌氧生物处理效能及机制研究

针对高浓度氯霉素（CAP）废水在实际厌氧生物处理过程中难降解、毒性大及对活性污泥产生的抑制问题，本文采用三维石墨烯气凝胶（GA）作为外源强化介质，通过批次试验探究了不同初始石墨烯气凝胶浓度、电子供体（蔗糖）浓度以及氯霉素浓度对氯霉素废水厌氧降解过程中氯霉素去除速率、有机物去除率以及甲烷产量等影响.结果表明：当初始石墨烯气凝胶浓度为0.5 g·L^-1、初始电子供体浓度为8.8 mmol·L^-1、初始氯霉素浓度为50 mg·L^-1时，强化效果最为显著，当反应进行到18 h时，强化系统中氯霉素的去除率达到94%以上，COD的去除率稳定在26.6%~35.6%之间，强化系统比只加入污泥的生物系统氯霉素去除速率增加了48%~51.6%，COD去除率增加了10%左右.石墨烯气凝胶作为电子转移中间介体和微生物富集的载体，促进微生物种间进行直接电子转移，加速氯霉素的脱氯过程和甲烷的产生，为高浓度抗生素废水的厌氧生物处理提供了新的处理思路和参考.

Enhancing the anaerobic biological treatment efficiency and mechanism of chloramphenicol wastewater with graphene aerogel as exogenous mediator

Aiming at the problems of refractory to biodegradation, high toxicity and inhibiting the activity of activated sludge in the actual anaerobic biological treatment of high-concentration chloramphenicol (CAP) wastewater, the three-dimensional graphene aerogel (GA) was used as an exogenous strengthening mediator to enhance the anaerobic degradation performance of chloramphenicol wastewater. The concentration of different initial graphene aerogel, electron donor (sucrose) and chloramphenicol were explored through batch experiments to clarify their influence on the removal rate of chloramphenicol and organic matter and the cumulative production of methane. The results showed that the strengthening effect was most significant when the initial graphene aerogel concentration was 0.5 g·L^-1, the initial electron donor concentration was 8.8 mmol·L^-1, and the initial chloramphenicol concentration was 50 mg·L^-1. When the reaction proceeded to 18 hours, the removal rate of chloramphenicol in the system was above 94%, and COD removal stabilized between 26.6%~35.6%. Compared with the biological system only with sludge, the removal rate of chloramphenicol in the enhanced system was increased by 48.0%~51.6%. COD removal rate increased by about 10.0%. Analysis believed that graphene aerogel, as an electron transfer intermediate and a carrier for microbial enrichment, promoted direct electron transfer between microbes, accelerated the dechlorination process of chloramphenicol and the production of methane. It provided new treatment ideas and references for the anaerobic biological treatment of high-concentration antibiotic wastewater.