CO2地质储存泄露安全风险评价方法初探

CO2地质储存作为一项有效、直接的碳减排技术,本质上属于环保型工程项目。在总结国内外已有的风险评价方法的基础上,结合CO2地质储存机理及工作属性,借鉴国际风险评价经验,以及我国核废料、一般工业固体废弃物填埋等类似工程项目风险评价工作方法,对适用于我国的CO2地质储存安全风险评价的定义进行了探讨,并将CO2地质储存泄露风险评价分为风险评价、风险评估与风险控制三部分内容。通过CO2地质储存泄露通道及泄露后可能产生的环境危害分析,建立了由地质因素、工程单元因素、施工因素及其它因素四个风险因子指标层及其亚层组成的CO2地质储存泄露的安全风险层次指标体系,初步提出了风险评估方法以及CO2泄露可接受的安全风险标准;最后根据CO2地质储存泄露风险提出了不同风险的控制方法及建议,对CO2地质储存场地选址中的安全风险评价、工程实施及监测具有一定意义。

Preliminary Research on CO2 Leakage Safety Risk Assessment Method of Geological Storage Project

As a direct and effective carbon abatement technology,CO2 geological storage belongs to environmental protection projects.On the basis of generalization of the existing methods of CO2 geological storage risk assessment at home and abroad,the definition of CO2 geological storage safety risk assessment suitable for China was discussed in this paper,combined with CO2 geological storage mechanism and property,international experience as well as the risk assessment methods on engineering project such as the landfill of nuclear waste and industrial solid waste in China.The main contents of CO2 geological storage safety risk assessment were divided into risk identification,risk evaluation and risk control.On the basis of the research on CO2 leakage channels and possible environmental hazards,hierarchy indicators system for safety risk of CO2 leakage composed of four risk factors of index layers and its sublayers involved with geological,engineering units,construction and other factors was established to preliminarily present the risk assessment method and acceptable safety risk criterion on CO2 leakage.Finally,the CO2 geological storage leakage risk control methods were suggested which could provide a guideline for safety risk assessment in site selection,engineering implementation and monitoring.