Effects of acute γ-irradiation on the aquatic microbial microcosm in comparison with chemicals |
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Authors: | Shoichi Fuma Nobuyoshi Ishii Hiroshi Takeda Kiriko Miyamoto Kei Yanagisawa Kazutaka Doi Isao Kawaguchi Nobuyuki Tanaka Yuhei Inamori Gennady G Polikarpov |
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Institution: | 1. Environmental Radiation Effects Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan;2. Regulatory Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan;3. Environmental Chemistry Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan;4. Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan;5. The A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of Southern Seas, Sevastopol 99011, Ukraine |
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Abstract: | Effects of acute γ-irradiation were investigated in the aquatic microcosm consisting of green algae (Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) and a blue–green alga (Tolypothrix sp.) as producers; an oligochaete (Aeolosoma hemprichi), rotifers (Lecane sp. and Philodina sp.) and a ciliate protozoan (Cyclidium glaucoma) as consumers; and more than four species of bacteria as decomposers. At 100 Gy, populations were not affected in any taxa. At 500–5000 Gy, one or three taxa died out and populations of two or three taxa decreased over time, while that of Tolypothrix sp. increased. This Tolypothrix sp. increase was likely an indirect effect due to interspecies interactions. The principal response curve analysis revealed that the main trend of the effects was a dose-dependent population decrease. For a better understanding of radiation risks in aquatic microbial communities, effect doses of γ-rays compared with copper, herbicides and detergents were evaluated using the radiochemoecological conceptual model and the effect index for microcosm. |
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Keywords: | Community-level effect Interspecies interaction Aquatic microbial community Microcosm Comparative risk assessment Ionising radiation Chemical |
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