大宝山矿水外排的环境影响:Ⅲ.综合治理对策

大宝山外排酸性矿水对下游水生生态系统及周边农村地区农业生态系统带来严重影响，并可能已危及当地人民的健康。文章根据大宝山矿所在地区的实际情况，对大宝山矿区及周围地区生态退化和环境污染的综合治理途径进行探讨，提出：(1)必须走系统整治的路径才能做到既治标又治本；(2)治理污染源是整个治理方案的关键环节；(3)为了使深受污染之害的矿区周边人民尽快脱离危险，近期最迫切的治理地段是受矿水严重污染的农田，尤其是重污染区一上坝村；(4)在治理方法上，必须将化学治理、生物治理与工程治理相结合；(5)为了更好地实施各项治理工程，可考虑运用经济杠杆，以便有效地筹集足够的矿山治理资金；(6)着眼于未来更严格的环境质量标准，建立水质的生物预警系统；(7)目前制约大宝山矿地区生态环境治理的主要瓶颈之一是缺乏适合中国国情的高效低投入治理技术，政府应考虑提供研究经费支持相关的应用基础研究和技术开发，以便能加快治理的步伐。

Environmental impacts of acid mine drainage from the Dabaoshan Mine:Ⅲ.Strategies for remediation

Acid mine drainage from the Guangdong Dabaoshan Mine has brought about downstream degradation of both aquatic and agricultural ecosystems, which further threatens human health in the affected areas. Based on the research results obtained so far, discussion is made to work out the strategies and methods for integrated remediation of this mine site. It is suggested that (1) a sys-tematical approach needs to be adopted to remediate this mine site; (2) fixing the contamination source is the key step; (3) there is an urgent need for remediation of the contaminated agricultural lands; (4) chemical, biological and engineering methods need to be combined to achieve better remediation effects; (5) economic factors need to be considered for raising remediation funds; (6) an alarming system for water quality is established to guide upstream remediation activities and restoration of the affected river reach; and (7) government should consider to support relevant research to assist in the development of cost-effective techniques for mine site remediation.