两次污泥颗粒化过程中微生物群落的动态变化

利用序批式反应器(sequencing batch reactor,SBR)培养好氧颗粒污泥(aerobic granular sludge,AGS),在此期间发生了AGS破碎现象,后经培养,破碎污泥再次变为成熟的AGS.因此,采用Illumina Mi Seq PE300高通量测序技术研究了两次污泥颗粒化过程中微生物群落结构变化的差异,以期揭示有利于AGS形成的优势菌属;此外,利用实时定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative polymerase chain reaction,q PCR)探究了两次污泥颗粒化过程中硝化微生物的动态变化.结果表明,在两次污泥颗粒化过程中,胞外蛋白质和胞外多糖的含量均增加;氨氧化古菌(ammonia oxidizing archaea,AOA)在第一次污泥颗粒化过程以及AGS成熟过程丰度增加,氨氧化细菌(ammonia oxidizing bacteria,AOB)虽然在第一次污泥颗粒化过程中丰度降低,但是在AGS培养过程中其丰度都一直高于AOA;微生物群落多样性随着AGS的形成而降低;变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度明显增加,分别增加了12.29%和5.90%;某些属于变形菌门的属其相对丰度也增加,其中,Candidatus Competibacter在两次污泥颗粒化过程中相对丰度增加最明显,并且在成熟的AGS中呈现很高的相对丰度,达到14.20%.总的来说,胞外蛋白质和胞外多糖含量的增加,可能促进了污泥颗粒化;AOA和AOB可能共同参与了AGS的氨氧化作用;Ca.Competibacter的富集可能有利于AGS的形成.

Microbial Community Dynamics During Two Sludge Granulation Processes

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). In this study, AGS was broken during the formation process and then mature AGS formed again. The microbial community dynamics during two sludge granulation processes were investigated using high-throughput sequencing to reveal the dominant bacteria beneficial to AGS formation. The abundance dynamics of nitrifying microorganisms were analyzed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results showed that the amount of extracellular protein and polysaccharides increased during two sludge granulation processes. The abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) increased during the first AGS formation process and during the process of AGS maturation. The abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) decreased during the first AGS formation process, while it maintained a higher abundance than AOA during AGS cultivation. Microbial diversity decreased with AGS formation. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased by 12.29% and 5.90% during two sludge granulation processes, respectively. Candidatus Competibacter belonging to Proteobacteria was enriched during two sludge granulation processes, accounting for 14.20% in mature AGS. Overall, extracellular protein and polysaccharides may have contributed to the sludge granulation. Both AOA and AOB might have been involved in ammonia oxidation. This study indicated that Ca. Competibacter might contribute to AGS formation.