Phytotoxicity and uptake of chlorpyrifos in cabbage |
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Authors: | Zhi-Yong Zhang Wei-Li Shan Wen-Cheng Song Yong Gong Xian-Jin Liu |
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Institution: | (1) Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Quality of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Food Safety Monitoring and Management of Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Food Safety and Quality, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China;(2) Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100125, China; |
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Abstract: | Chinese cabbage, Brassica chinensis L., and cabbage, Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata, are the main daily foliar vegetables of the vast majority of the population of eastern and southern China. Cabbages are
also planted and consumed widely in other countries. The insecticide and acaricide chlorpyrifos is registered in many countries.
Chlorpyrifos controls a variety of insects in plants and soils, and chlorpyrifos is extensively used in the Chinese market.
Food poisoning due to the presence of organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables has been reported in China provinces.
Plant uptake of pesticide residues in air, water, and soil is a source of pesticide residues in vegetables. Here, phytotoxicity
and uptake of chlorpyrifos by Chinese cabbage and cabbage were studied in the laboratory using the batch technique. From 0
to 16 days after chlorpyrifos treatment, vegetables roots, stems, leaves, and culture water samples were collected, and the
residues of chlorpyrifos in culture water, plant tissues were analyzed using GC-FPD. The results demonstrate that culture
solutions with chlorpyrifos had no significant inhibitory effects on vegetable plant height. However, at 1.0 mg/l, it had
significant inhibitory effects on the root length and fresh weight of Chinese cabbage. Then, at 10.0 mg/l, it had only significant
inhibitory effects on the root length and fresh weight of cabbage compared to the control treatment. The disappearance rates
of chlorpyrifos in solutions were in sequence as: nutrition solution with Chinese cabbage, nutrition solution with cabbage,
pond water, nutrition solution. The results showed also that chlorpyrifos can be taken up by roots of Chinese cabbage and
cabbage from water and subsequently translocated as a function of time. Uptake dynamics of chlorpyrifos from culture solutions
by the two cabbage plants were similar. |
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