RAPD标记鉴别中华绒螯蟹种群的初步研究

用２００个随机引物对中华绒螯蟹（Ｅｒｉｏｃｈｅｉｒｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）辽河种群、长江种群和瓯江种群进行了ＲＡＰＤ遗传标记鉴别研究，其中引物ＨＸ０１和ＨＸ０２检测到瓯江种群和辽河种群所有样品共有的ＨＸ０１０．４和ＨＸ０２０．７扩增片段，Ｍｒ分别为０．４ｋｂ和０．７ｋｂ．这两个扩增片段在模板ＤＮＡ浓度作上下５０％的改变、或在镁离子和引物浓度分别作上下２５％的改变时仍稳定出现，而长江种群样品的ＰＣＲ反应中无这两个扩增片段出现，因而可作为长江种群的鉴别标记．用上述标记检查一些人工养殖的河蟹，发现一些苗种场的蟹苗种质严重混杂．未发现可以区分瓯江种群和辽河种群的标记

IDENTIFICATION OF THE MITTEN CRAB ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS POPULATIONS USING RAPD MARKERS

The mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis is cultured extensively in coastal areas of China. Three populations named as Oujiang, Liaohe and Yangtze with different commercial traits are morphologically difficult to distinguish. RAPD was applied to the identification of Eriocheir sinensis populations mentioned above. Among 200 random primers screened, two primers (HX01 and HX02) generate a fragment M r(HX01) = 0.4 kb and M r(HX02) = 0.7 kb respectively in both Oujiang and Liaohe populations while they are absent in Yangtze population. Both fragments are reproducible under the 50 % changes of the template DNA concentration, or 25 % changes of the MgCl 2 and primer concentrations, and are selected as identification markers for Yangtze population. Using those markers, we found that only 29.3 % of the 41 samples from seed crab farms in Jiangsu and Anhui were identified to be Yangtze population as they were declared. No markers were found to distinguish Oujiang population and Liaohe population in the this study.