永川城区主要绿化植物的滞尘效应

本文选取重庆市永川区具代表性植物及绿地作为研究对象,采用直接采样和统计分析的方法,对植物单位叶片面积滞尘量进行测定分析。结果表明:同一功能区不同植物种类之间的滞尘能力存在差异,滞尘能力大小排列顺序为:红花檵木>麦冬>小叶榕>红叶石楠>桂花>山茶>女贞>八角金盘>广玉兰>海桐>黄角兰>冬青>银杏>迎春,最高为红花檵木12.361 g/m2,最低为迎春2.0903 g/m2,最大差异达6倍;不同功能区同种植物的平均滞尘量差异显著,排列顺序为:街道绿地>新兴绿地>居住区>净化对照区;运用扫描电镜对叶表进行观察表明:植物的不同叶表结构滞尘能力也有差异,叶片表面被毛、褶皱时滞尘能力较强,叶片光滑或蜡质时滞尘能力较弱;植物叶片滞尘量与植物叶片单片面积呈正相关。

Dust detaining effect of main urban vegetation in Yongchuan,Chongqing

Some representative greenery species in Yongchuan were chosen to study the dust accumulation of unit area on the leaves of different plants in representative sites by direct measurement, and statistical analysis as well. The results showed that there were great differences in the dust accumulation capability of different test greenery species, L.chindensevar>Ophiopogon Japonicus>F.microcarpa>Photinia.s>Osmanthus fragrans>Camellia japonica>Ligustrum lucidum>Fatsia japonica>m.grandiflora>Pittosporum tobira>Michelia alba>Ilex purpurea Hassk>ginkgo>J. nudiflorum Lindl, from 2.0903 g/m²(J. nudiflorum Lindl) to 12.361 g/m²(L.chindensevar),with the maximum being 6 times more than the minimum. There are great differences in the dust accumulation capability of the same test greenery species in different urban areas, following the trend according to landuse the commercial and transport area microscopic scanning showed that different greenery species which had different leaf epidermal micro-configuration had different dust-retainning capability, the leaves had tomentum or evident>newly developing urban>the residential area>control area. The results of leaf surface electron ridge like rumple, their dust-retaining capability are stonger, the leaves have smooth or ceraceous surfaces, their dust-retaining capability are poor. The dust-retaining capability is bound up with the eare of unit leaf.