Temporal concentration changes of DEET,TCEP, terbutryn,and nonylphenols in freshwater streams of Hesse,Germany: possible influence of mandatory regulations and voluntary environmental agreements |
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Authors: | Kristin Quednow Wilhelm Püttmann |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, J. W. Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Altenh?ferallee 1, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Abstract: | Background, aim, and scope The present study focuses on the temporal concentration changes of four common organic pollutants in small freshwater streams
of Hesse, Germany. The substances (tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP), the technical isomer mixture of 4-nonylphenol (NP),
2-(t-butylamino)-4-(ethylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine (terbutryn), and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)) are subject to differing regulations. Whereas the use of NP and the related nonylphenolethoxylates (NPEOs)
are almost completely banned under EU directive 2003/53/EC, the herbicide terbutryn is only restricted for use as a herbicide
in the majority of member states of the European Union (EU). In contrast, TCEP and DEET are not regulated by legislation,
but have been replaced in some products through consumer pressure. The impact of regulation on the environmental concentrations
of these pollutants is discussed. |
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