垃圾焚烧飞灰的熔融处理及浸取实验研究

本研究进行了垃圾焚烧飞灰的高温熔融及其熔渣的浸取性能实验。熔融实验在马弗炉中进行 ,浸取实验使用了蒸馏水、pH值为 4 5的醋酸溶液和pH值为 3的硫酸溶液 3种浸印剂。实验结果如下 :重金属Cd、Cr、Zn、Fe随熔融时间的增加 ,溶出量明显减小。延长熔融时间可减少这一类重金属的二次污染。重金属Hg由于其极易挥发 ,熔融时间对其溶出量几乎没有影响。Zn、Cd等重金属随熔融温度的升高 ,溶出量明显减小 ,升高熔融温度可减少这一类重金属的二次污染。重金属Cr的溶出量随溶剂pH值的升高而增加 ,而Cd、Pb、Zn在醋酸溶液中的溶出量最大 ,硫酸次之 ,水中最小。这是因为这些重金属和醋酸发生了络合反应 ,因而溶出量增大。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FUSION AND PICK-UP BY SOAKING FOR FLY ASH IN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW) INCINERATION

It is described that the process of experimental study on the fusion at high temperature for fly ash in municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration and the performance of the pick-up by soaking for the fusing dregs.The experiment of fusion is operating in Marver stove,and the experiment of pick-up by soaking is operating in distilled water,acetic acid,whose pH is 4.5,and sulphuric acid,whose pH is 3.The results of the experiments are as follows.The amount of the heavy metal Cd,Cr,Zn,Fe increases as the time of fusion goes on,the amount separted out decreases obviously.By prolonging the time of fusion,the pollution of these metals can be reduced.Because the heavy metal Hg volatilizes easily,the time of fusion has little effects on its amount separated out.The amount separated out of heavy metal Zn,Cd etc.decreases obviously with its temperature of fusion increasing,so the pollution of these can be reduced by raising its temperature of fusion.The amount separated out of the heavy metal Cr increases with the rising of the solvent's pH,while the amount separated out of Cd,Pb,Zn in acetic acid is the greatest,and water is the smallest.For these heavy metals and acetic acid having complex reactions,so its amount separated out is the greatest.