基于景观结构的区域生态风险分析

以深圳市龙华镇为中心的324km²正方形区域为例，以1988～1996年期间的5幅景观遥感解译图为基本信息源，根据不同时段景观元素的结构特征，构造一个综合性生态风险指数，利用系统空间采样方法对生态风险指数进行变量空间化．通过对生态风险指数采样结果进行半变异函数分析和空间插值，可以解释生态风险的空间特征和内在形成机制．结果表明，1988～1996年，工作区内的生态风险强度不断增加，区域分布的不均匀性增大；南北方向为景观人为改造活动的主方向；沿梅澜和石龙两条高速公路沿线形成两条带状高生态风险区域，其中龙华镇中心及周围地区是急需采取保护性措施的重点区域．

Analysis of regional ecological risk based on landscape structure

This study was conducted in a square area of 324 km2 in Longhua town of Shenzhen City, 5 landscape maps from 1988 to 1996 with remote sensing interpretation were used as main data source. An ecological risk index was constructed based on the landscape structure; and the system sampling method was used to make it a spatial variable. After 900 samplings carried out, the semivariagram analysis and block Kriging were conducted to study the spatial characteristics and inherent causes of regional ecological risk in the working area. The results indicated that the strengthening of ecological risk in the working area increased significantly from 1988 to 1996, and its spatial distribution became more uneven. The SN direction was the main direction of human landscape transforming. Two belt areas with high ecological risk were formed along the Meilan and Sulong highways, the center of Longhua town and its neighboring region were very important areas for adopting ecological protection measures.