我国森林资源及其产品流动特征分析

论文运用物流分析的基本思想,基于我国森林资源产品的产量、贸易量统计资料,采用统一的“原木当量(m³)”单位,沿森林资源采伐→资源产品加工→资源产品消费链,研究了我国“九五”期间主要森林资源产品的流动状况。结果表明,我国“九五”期间年均消耗森林资源16962×10⁴m³,其中48.3%来自国外;本国森林资源主要流向原木、锯材、人造板加工制造行业,仅有9.3%用于制浆造纸;而纸类产品所用的森林资源主要依赖于进口;终端消费中75%的森林资源产品用于建筑装修、家具生产和包装3个主要消费项。因此,认为我国必须提高森林资源利用效率、增加纸类产品中的森林资源用量,以提高我国森林资源流动的经济效益;资源战略上既要充分利用国外森林资源,又要提高我国资源供给的保障能力。

Analysis to flowing characteristics of forest resource and its products in China

It is valuable for understanding the relationships between resources flowing and envi-ronment and realizing the sustainable and supporting capacity of certain regional resources to their economic development to focus on the resources flowing and its dynamic characteristics in the social and economic system.Assuming that material input equals output,material flow analysis(MFA),which abides by the material balance principle,can be used to analyze resource flow through deforestation-production-consumption chain pertaining to forest resource.In order to have a quantitative comparison of fluxes of divergent forest products,the uniform physical units—timber volume equivalent (cubic meter)—is adopted to convert and calculate the amount of forest resource flows.Based on the statistics data of forest resource and its products including the data of their importation and exportation,this paper analyzed the flowing characteristics of the forest resource and forest products in China’s economic system during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period(1996～2000).The results showed that the amount of extraction or consumption of forest resources in China in the period is as large as16962×10,sup>4m³ per year,of which about 48.3%is imported from abroad.And also90.7%of native forest resources was flowed to the industry of manufactured log,saw-wood,veneer and so on,leaving only9.3%of its total for papermaking industry.So the paper pulp and the forest consumption by manufacturing paper had been chiefly depended upon importation of forest resources.Some 75%of forest resource in terminal consumption is primarily used in three categories that are architectural decoration,furniture producing and packing.Therefore,the authors suggest that China has to increase the utilization efficiency of forest resource and to increase the input of forest into the paper production for higher economic benefit for the purpose of controlling the exhaustion of forest resource and making it sustainable.The Strategies of making most of the forest resource and improving the ability to guarantee the supply security of native forest resource should be taken in China.