中国近海海水主要参数基线值及其污染状况探究

通过对2007年中国近海表层海水调查数据剔除异常值,进行态性检验后,确定了近海表层海水主要参数的环境基线,初步探讨了环境基线值的区域差异、时间变化趋势及近海海水中各参数的污染状况。结果表明:近海表层海水基线值存在明显的区域差异,总体呈现渤海最高,黄东海次之、南海最低的分布特征;与1997年调查结果相比,黄海、东海、南海表层海水基线普遍升高,近海海水污染加重;海水严重污染海区出现在渤海近岸、山东半岛两侧近岸、连云港-福州近岸、长江口杭州湾、雷州半岛及广西沿岸海域,由人类活动引起的陆源排污是我国近岸海水污染加重的主要原因。最后,对调查数据进行主成分分析,进一步验证表明,陆源工业排污是海水环境基线升高的最主要原因,农业排污、生活污水及大气沉降也是海水环境污染基线变化的主要影响因素。

Parameters baseline values for the offshore China Sea and its pollution characters

The pollution baseline values for different elements in offshore waters in China Sea were measured by investigation data obtained in 2007,of which the abnormity data were firstly excluded and then normal distribution test was carried out.Trends of pollution baseline values from 1997 to 2007 were discussed,which showed that the pollution baseline values have obviously increased in ten years.Land-based sewage discharging activities were supposed to be the main reason for the deterioration of sea water quality,which was further verified by statistical analysis.Agricultural drainage,domestic sewage and atmospheric deposition were also important pollution sources for offshore waters.