论我国磷业发展战略

我国磷矿资源丰富,但长期以来缺乏磷业发展战略部署,磷矿山建设缓慢,磷肥供应不足,造成氮、磷、钾施肥比例失调,全国有2/3的耕地缺磷,其中半数严重缺磷,农业上出现了“报酬递减”现象。本文在分析我国磷业发展概况的基础上进行了磷矿与磷肥需求预测,根据我国农业及磷矿资源分布与有关开发建设条件等,提出了我国磷业发展战略与宏观生产布局,论证了发展磷业应立足国内、以国民经济总体部署为准则、建立4个大型综合性磷业基地、以资源型布点为主,辅以混合型、临海型和消费型布点等磷业发展战略中的重大问题,并提出了发展我国TS形双结构磷业网络的思想。

ON THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF THE PHOSPHATE INDUSTRY IN OUR COUNTRY

Although our .country is rich in resources of .phosphate mineral, the phosphate .mine has been developing slowly and the phosphate fertilizer supply has been insufficient because of lacking a stratigic planning in phosphate .industry for a long time. This has resulted in disproportion of nitrogenous, phosphate and potash .fertilizers .applied to the farmland.According to statistics, two thirds of the .farmland in the whole country,is short of phosphorus and the situation of half of such farmland, is severe. It has led to the "decreasing remuneration" phenomenon in agriculture.In this article, the demand prediction of the phosphate mine and phosphate fertilizer is made on the basis of the phosphate industry development in our country. The development steategy of phosphate industry and the macrosc topic layout of production are pointed out in accordence with the distribution of agriculture and phosphate mineralrresources and the conditions related to exploitation and construction. The reasons are .given that we should develop our own phosphate industry, follow the general planning of national economy, and set up four large scale comprehensive bas'es of phosphate industry (The main base is of the resource type; the complementary bases are of the comprehensive type, the coastline type and the consumption type).The proposal for developing the TS double structure network .of phosphate industry is also presented. Following this development .stratigy, with commercial development and progress in industrialization of phosphate industry,the pattern ,of raw material——proccessing——circulation——comsumption will tend to be obvious, the economical and industrial adyantegesin different regions will tend to be stable, the regions specialized in phosphate industry will be formed gradually, and our country's phosphate industry will be among the leading ones in the world.