大别山革命老区旅游地“乡土—生态”系统韧性演化规律及影响机制

探讨旅游地“乡土—生态”系统演化,为理解人地关系地域系统结构与功能演变提供了新思路。通过构建“乡土—生态”系统韧性评价体系,解析2005—2019年大别山革命老区旅游地“乡土—生态”系统韧性的演化阶段、过程、路径及机制。结果显示：（1）研究区旅游地“乡土—生态”系统经历了利用、保存、释放、重组适应性循环过程,分别对应旅游地迅速发展期（2005—2009年）、发展成熟期（2010—2012年）、发展过渡期（2013—2016年）和再发展初期（2017—2019年）。（2）在适应性循环过程中研究区县域的数量结构经历了以“较低水平韧性为主→高水平韧性为主”的转变,县域“乡土—生态”系统韧性水平呈波动上升趋势。（3）2005—2019年研究区旅游地“乡土—生态”系统韧性演化的驱动因子由经济层面转向社会文化层面。在内外源因素的作用下,旅游地“乡土—生态”系统韧性通过乡土资源禀赋（向心凝聚力）、经济发展基础（核心推动力）、社会保障功能（重要支撑力）和自然环境本底（基础约束力）的四维驱动,以人的行为为媒介在相互作用和掣肘中演进,当韧性指数超过阈值时其内核组织将打破原有边界、自我调适实现“路径突破”,进入下一阶段适应性循环,以此促进旅游地的可持续发展。

The resilience evolution and influencing mechanisms of the "ruralism-ecology" system of tourist destinations in Dabie Mountains Old Revolutionary Base Area

Exploring the evolution of the "ruralism-ecology" system in tourist destinations provided new ideas for understanding the evolution of the structure and function of human-earth areal system. Through constructing a "ruralism-ecology" system resilience measurement and evaluation system in the Dabie Mountains Old Revolutionary Base Area from 2005 to 2019, we discussed the stage, state, path and mechanism of the resilience evolution. The results showed that: (1) The "ruralism-ecology" system of the study areahad undergone an adaptive cycle evolution process of utilization (r), preservation (K), release (Ω), reorganization (α), which corresponded to the period of rapid development of tourist destinations (2005-2009), the mature period of tourist destination development (2010-2012), the transition period of tourist destination development (2013-2016) and the initial stage of tourist destination redevelopment (2017-2019). (2) The county's quantitative structure had undergone a transformation from "lower level to higher level of resilience" in the adaptive cycle. The resilience level of the county-level "ruralism-ecology" system had always maintained a fluctuating upward trend in different adaptive cycle stages. (3) From 2005 to 2019, the driving factors for the resilience evolution of the "ruralism-ecology" system changed from the economic level to the social and cultural level. Under the influence of internal and external factors, the resilience of the "ruralism-ecology" system of tourism destinations was shown in the endowment of rural resources (centripetal cohesion), economic development foundation (core driving force), social security function (important supporting force), and natural environment background (basic binding force), using human behavior as the medium to evolve in interaction and constraints. When the resilience index exceeded the threshold, its core organization would break the original boundary, self-adjust to achieve "path breakthrough", thus entering the next stage of the adaptive cycle, and promoting the sustainable development of tourist destinations.