基于生态系统服务价值的东北农牧交错区土地利用格局优化与评价

为完善土地规划评估指标、挖掘东北农牧交错区生态建设潜力,在明晰2001—2018年东北农牧交错区生态系统服务价值（ESV）时空特征的基础上,分别以供给服务、调节服务和支持服务三种生态功能为优先发展目标,结合CLUE-S模型提出了三种土地利用格局规划方案。结果显示：（1）2001—2018年研究区ESV总量增长9.69%,其中调节、支持和供给服务功能年均占比分别为67.25%、21.88%和6.74%;（2）三种规划方案对区域ESV提升明显,其中支持服务优先情景下ESV总量提升5.84%,高于供给服务（2.66%）和调节服务（5.19%）优先情景;（3）不同土地利用类型的环境适应性不同,研究区西北部、西南部和东部部分地区更适宜造林和退耕,ESV总量和支持服务价值的提升潜力较大,而北部和东南部地区更适宜开垦农田,供给和调节服务价值提升潜力较大。不同生态系统服务间的权衡与协同是保障区域生态与经济稳定可持续发展的关键。充分考虑政策与环境适应性等因素,对东北农牧交错区土地利用格局进行优化,将为当地规划提供理论基础和实践参考。

Land use pattern optimization and evaluation based on ESV of agro-pastoral ecotone in Northeast China

To improve the evaluation indicators in land planning and tap the potential of ecological construction in agro-pastoral ecotone of Northeast China, the spatiotemporal characteristics of ecosystem service value (ESV) in the region from 2001 to 2018 were interpreted, and three land use options (i.e., prioritized provisioning service, regulating service, and supporting service) were simulated using the multi-objective programming model and CLUE-S model. The results show that: (1) The total ESV increased by 9.69% from 2001 to 2018, with provisioning service, regulating service, and supporting service accounting for 67.25%, 21.88% and 6.74%, respectively. (2) The total ESV increased by 5.84% in the scenario of prioritized supporting service, which was higher than that of prioritized provisioning service (2.66%) and of prioritized regulating service (5.19%). (3) The environmental adaptability of different land use types is different, i.e., in northwestern, southwestern and eastern parts of the study area with more suitability for afforestation and conversion of farmland, the total ESV and supporting service have great potential to improve, while northern and southeastern parts are more suitable for farmland reclamation, which facilitates the improvements of prioritized provisioning service and regulating service. The synergy among different ecosystem services is important in ensuring the security and sustainable development of regional ecology and economy. Aiming to improve ESV with full consideration of policy and environmental adaptability, the land use optimization can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the land planning in agro-pastoral ecotone of Northeast China.