Sequential biodegradation of TNT,RDX and HMX in a mixture |
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| Authors: | S Sagi-Ben Moshe Z Ronen O Dahan N Weisbrod L Groisman E Adar R Nativ |
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| Institution: | 1. Dept. of Soil & Water Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel;2. Dept. of Environmental Hydrology & Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer 84990, Israel;3. Research Laboratory of Water Quality, National Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 8255, Tel-Aviv 61080, Israel;1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120–749, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;1. Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;2. Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;3. Department of Environmental Resources Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan;4. Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan;5. Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan;6. Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan;1. Institute of Polar Environment & Anhui Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China;2. State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China;3. Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China;4. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China;5. Instruments'' Center for Physical Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China;1. Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag No. 02, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India;2. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Gebäude 4113, 30419, Hannover, Germany;1. Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, No. 300, Jhing-da Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan;2. Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, No. 135, Yuantung Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan;3. Department of Parasitology, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dis., Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan;4. Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, No.116, Heping 1st Rd., Lingya District, Kaohsiung City, 80201, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | We describe TNT's inhibition of RDX and HMX anaerobic degradation in contaminated soil containing indigenous microbial populations. Biodegradation of RDX or HMX alone was markedly faster than their degradation in a mixture with TNT, implying biodegradation inhibition by the latter. The delay caused by the presence of TNT continued even after its disappearance and was linked to the presence of its intermediate, tetranitroazoxytoluene. PCR–DGGE analysis of cultures derived from the soil indicated a clear reduction in microbial biomass and diversity with increasing TNT concentration. At high-TNT concentrations (30 and 90 mg/L), only a single band, related to Clostridium nitrophenolicum, was observed after 3 days of incubation. We propose that the mechanism of TNT inhibition involves a cytotoxic effect on the RDX- and HMX-degrading microbial population. TNT inhibition in the top active soil can therefore initiate rapid transport of RDX and HMX to the less active subsurface and groundwater. |
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