鱼贝植物组合对上海白莲泾生态修复效应研究

将鱼、贝、植物组合成3种浮岛生态系统,对上海市黄浦江支流白莲泾污染治理和生态修复,效果明显。结果表明:银纹金线蒲+鲢鳙鱼+三角帆蚌组合对总氮去除率60.7%,总磷去除率43.7%,高锰酸盐去除率35.0%,叶绿素-a降低38.2%;血草+鲢鳙鱼+三角帆蚌组合对总氮去除率55.2%,总磷去除率37.2%,高锰酸盐指数去除率42.5%,叶绿素-a降低44.3%;菖蒲+鲢鳙鱼+三角帆蚌组合对总氮去除率55.1%,总磷去除率29.7%,高锰酸盐指数去除率28.3%,叶绿素-a降低26.0%。总体上,3种浮岛生态系统能将水体总磷从Ⅲ类达到至Ⅱ类;总氮从劣Ⅴ类达到至Ⅳ类;高锰酸盐指数从Ⅳ类达到至Ⅲ类。鱼、贝、植物组合的浮岛生态系统生态效应优于单一生物因子的生态效应,该系统内生物多样性较丰富,生长良好,生态景观性明显。

Effect of Ecological Restoration by Combined System of Plants, Fishes and Shellfishes in Shanghai Bailianjing River

An artificial floating-island ecosystem including plants,fishes and shellfishes was used for water quality management and ecological restoration in Bailianjing River,Shanghai.Results showed that removal rate of TN,TP and CODMn was 60.7%.43.7% and 35.0% and chlorophyll-a decreased by 38.2% by Acorus gramineus Var.pusillus+filter-feeding fishes+Hyriopsis cumingii(Lea)system.Removal rate of TN,TP and CODMn was 55.2%,37.2% and 42.5%,and chlorophyll-a decreased by 44.3% by lmperata cylindrical Red Baron+ filter-feeding fishes+Byriopsis cumingii(Lea) system.Removal rate of TN,TP and CODMn was 55.1%,29.7% and 28.3% and chiorophyll-a decreased by 26.0% by Acorus calamus Linn+filter-feeding fishes+Hyriopsis cumingii(Lea)system.On the whole,the artificial floating-island ecosystem can enhance standard of TP from Grade Ⅲ to Ⅱ,TN from inferior Grade Ⅴto Ⅳ and CODMn from Grade Ⅳ to Ⅲ.Results of water treated by combined artificial floating-island ecosystem are more efficient than single species of ecological system.Number of the organism is on the rise and improving the landscape of the water.