Nutrients Seasonal Variation and Budget in Jiaozhou Bay,China: A 3-Dimensional Physical–Biological Coupled Model Study |
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Authors: | Zhe Liu Hao Wei Jie Bai Jing Zhang Dongyan Liu Sumei Liu |
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Institution: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai, 200062, China;(2) Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China;(3) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China;(4) College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China;(5) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China |
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Abstract: | A 3-D biological model was developed and coupled to a hydrodynamic model, i.e., Princeton Ocean Model, to simulate the seasonal
variation and budget of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphate, and silicate in Jiaozhou Bay. The modeled nutrients distribution
pattern is consistent with observation. Silicate, the most important limiting element for phytoplankton growth, is characterized
by consumption in spring, increase in summer and autumn, and accumulation in winter, whereas dissolved inorganic nitrogen
and phosphorous have increasing trend with low rates in spring, due to excessive river loads. Phytoplankton plays an important
role in nutrient renewal by photosynthesis and respiration processes. During an annual cycle, 7.83 × 103 t N, 0.28 × 103 t P, and 3.93 × 103 t Si are transported to the bay’s outer sea, i.e., the Yellow Sea, suggesting that Jiaozhou Bay is a significant source of
nutrients for the Yellow Sea. The spatial distribution of nutrients is characterized by vertically homogeneous profiles, with
high concentration inside the bay and low concentration toward the bay channel. These features are mainly governed by strong
turbulent mixing, fluvial influx, water exchange rate, and Yellow Sea water intrusion. Numerical experiments suggest that
the government should pay enough attention to proper layout of sewage drainage. |
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Keywords: | Seasonal variation Nutrients budget 3-D coupled model Jiaozhou Bay |
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