整数规划用于固废系统环境影响模型的研究

采用整数线性规划的系统分析方法建立模型,以整数规划解决运输路线及处理方式扩容方案的选择问题,以系统经济成本为优化目标,并着重考虑了运输过程产生的3种恶臭气体扩散对周围特殊区域造成的环境影响,优化固体废弃物运输路线.结果表明:不同时期不同的垃圾回收站适合回收的垃圾类别不同;不同时期不同回收站的运输路线最优选择不同;垃圾填埋处理由于处理费用低,一直是垃圾处理的优选方案,但热解处理量较大,增长幅度最大,且运输处理总费用最低,从长远看,热解厂的未来发展趋势较好;该模型能够有效解决城市固体废弃物系统资源优化配置问题,为决策者提供可靠的依据.

An integer programming approach to optimizing solid waste system for environmental impact management

In this study, an optimization model was developed based on the integer programming methods to address the environmental risk during solid waste transformation process. The integer programming method can help to address the selection of solid waste transfer routes and expansion schemes. The objective of the developed model is to minimize the system cost in solid waste treatment process considering the environmental effects for the surroundings of driving routes. The results indicated that different types of solid waste may need different recycling stations, in addition, the optimal routes from transfer stations to recycling stations may change during different planning periods. The landfill is always the best option for solid waste treatment due to its lower operation cost. However, pyrolysis is promising in the future owing to its huge treatment volume and the minimum transport and operation costs. The proposed model can effectively optimize resources distributions of municipal solid waste system and provide science-based waste management evidences for decision-makers.