Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes measured above Amazonian rainforest and their dependence on light and temperature |
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| Institution: | 1. Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo del CNR, sedi Portici and Perugia, Italy;2. ARIANET Srl, Milano, Italy;3. Istituto per la Bioeconomia del CNR, Bologna, Italy;4. Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante del CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;5. Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l''energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), Bologna, Italy;1. College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;3. Ji County Station, Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network (CNERN), Beijing 100083, China;4. Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;5. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;6. Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;7. Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement With Forestry and Fruit Trees, 102206 Beijing, China;8. Beijing Water Consulting Co., LTD, 100048 Beijing, China;1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;2. Foshan Environmental Monitoring Center, Foshan 528000, China;3. School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;4. Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3100, USA;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, Buca, Izmir, Turkey;2. Department of Soil Science and Ecology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, Bahcekoy, Istanbul, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | Canopy scale emissions of isoprene and monoterpenes from Amazonian rainforest were measured by eddy covariance and eddy accumulation techniques. The peak mixing ratios at about 10 m above the canopy occurred in the afternoon and were typically about 90 pptv of α-pinene and 4–5 ppbv of isoprene. α-pinene was the most abundant monoterpene in the air above the canopy comprising ≈50% of the total monoterpene mixing ratio. Measured isoprene fluxes were almost 10 times higher than α-pinene fluxes. Normalized conditions of 30°C and 1000 μmol m?2 s?1 were associated with an isoprene flux of 2.4 mg m?2 h?1 and a β-pinene flux of 0.26 mg m?2 h?1. Both fluxes were lower than values that have been specified for Amazon rainforests in global emission models. Isoprene flux correlated with a light- and temperature-dependent emission activity factor, and even better with measured sensible heat flux. The variation in the measured α-pinene fluxes, as well as the diurnal cycle of mixing ratio, suggest emissions that are dependent on both light and temperature. The light and temperature dependence can have a significant effect on the modeled diurnal cycle of monoterpene emission as well as on the total monoterpene emission. |
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