堆肥厂不同工作区空气真菌的多样性与群落结构

动物粪便堆肥厂是空气中真菌的重要来源.目前对其不同工作区逸散真菌的种类和丰度差异尚无相关报道,无法全面评估堆肥厂空气真菌的生态健康风险.针对这一问题,对动物粪便堆肥厂的堆肥区、包装区、办公区和下风向区空气样本进行采集,利用高通量测序技术对4个区域空气中真菌的生物多样性和群落结构进行分析,并进一步对办公区及下风向区空气真...

Diversity and Community Structure of Airborne Fungi in Different Working Areas of Composting Plants

Composting plants are an important source of airborne fungi. At present, no research has been reported on differences in the types and abundance of escaped fungi in different working areas, which makes it very difficult to comprehensively assess the ecological health risks of the air in composting plants. In light of this situation, this study collected air samples from the composting, packaging, office, and downwind areas of the composting plants and used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze and compare the biological diversity and community structure of airborne fungi in the four areas. The source of airborne fungi in offices and downwind areas was further traced. The results showed that the highest abundance and diversity of airborne fungi were found in the packing and composting areas of the composting plants. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were two fungal phyla with the highest relative abundance in the four regions. Overall, the distribution of dominant fungal genera differed; Trichocomaceae and Davidiella were the dominant genera in three areas of the composting plants. Among the 136 detected fungal genera, the number of endemic airborne fungal genera in the composting and packaging area was the largest, and 52.94% of the fungal genera was shared by the four areas. At the level of fungal genera, the community structures in the air in three areas of the composting plants were similar. The statistical difference analysis results of the key genera in different areas of the composting plants showed that the number of different fungal genera between the downwind, packaging, and composting areas was the largest, and no statistically different fungal genera were detected in the air between the packaging and composting areas. The Source Tracker analysis results showed that the contribution percentage of the packaging and composting areas to the airborne fungi in the office and downwind areas was between 9.52%-15.85%. The results of this study will provide basic data for evaluating the relationship between airborne fungal exposure and human health in different areas of the composting plant, as well as its ecological impact on the surrounding air environment.