资源开发中的生态环境问题

对水利、水电、农业、林业、牧业、交通、旅游、矿业等资源开发项目建设过程中造成的生态破坏进行了概括总结,并对其产生的原因进行了分析。研究认为,水电不一定是清洁能源,过度开发水资源可能引起湖库干涸、周边植被减少,过度开垦、放牧可使土地沙漠化,不当的林业生产可能导致外来物种入侵,交通建设易造成地质滑坡和水土流失,旅游开发不当将导致环境污染、生态破坏和景观破坏,矿业开发将破坏土地、导致地面塌陷、沉陷和滑坡、泥石流等灾害。

Ecoenvironment Issues During Resource Exploitation

The ecological destroy in resource exploitation projects including water conservancy, hydropower, agriculture, forestry, stock raising, traffic, tourism and mining industry was epitomized and reviewed, and the reasons were analyzed. Results showed that hydropower is not clean energy to certain extent, and will arouse drying of lake and reservoir and reduction of vegetations due to superlative water resource exploitation. Soil may be desertilized owing to the excessive reclamation or grazing. Improper forestry possibly brings about the intrusion of exotic species. Geological landslip and loss of water and soil are easily caused during traffic construction, and unsuitable tourism resource exploitation will lead to environment pollution, ecological and landscape destroy. Mining exploitation may generate land dent or landslip or sparry flow.