Migration of heavy metals and migration-degradation of phenanthrene in soil using electro kinetic-laccase combined remediation system |
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Authors: | Zhaobo Wang Chen Kang Shuqin Zhang Xiaoqin Zhang Zhiqun Deng |
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Institution: | 1. College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;2. Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China |
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Abstract: | AbstractIn order to solve the problem of heavy metal-organic compound soil pollution, in this paper, we developed a highly efficient electro kinetic-laccase combined remediation (EKLCR) system. The results showed that the EKLCR system had an obvious migration effect on heavy metals (copper and cadmium) and good migration-degradation effect on phenanthrene. The migration rates of copper and cadmium were 48.3% and 40.3%, respectively. Especially, with the presence of laccase, the removal rate of phenanthrene on Cu2+-contaminated soil was higher than that of Cd2+-contaminated soil due to the significant effect of heavy metals on the enzymatic activity of laccase. The average migration-degradation rate of phenanthrene by EKLCR system was 45.4%. Finally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to analyze the degradation intermediates of phenanthrene in the soil, which included 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone, phthalic acid, and 2,2-Biphenyldicarboxylic Acid. In addition, we give the possible degradation pathways of phenanthrene, 2,2-Biphenyldicarboxylic Acid is further degraded to produce phthalic acid. The products of the phthalic acid metabolic pathway are protocatechuic acid, pyruvic acid or succinic acid, the final products of these organic acids are carbon dioxide and water. |
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Keywords: | Copper cadmium phenanthrene electro-kinetics laccase |
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