中美消防员殉职原因的对比研究

根据中美两国2000-2014年消防员伤亡数据，从伤亡数量、事故类型、殉职原因等方面进行对比分析。结果表明:从接警次数与牺牲人数比、每10万起火灾死亡人数比来看，中国高于美国；两国由于火场作业造成的消防员牺牲人数最多，发生事故数量最多；中国消防人员殉职主要原因是建筑物坍塌、爆炸、交通事故，故在灭火救援作业中，防止建筑物倒塌事故、提高消防员的应急避险能力及培养消防员安全意识是中国消防员急需加强的能力。研究成果对进一步强化消防队伍能力建设、减少消防人员伤亡有一定指导意义。

Comparative study on death causes of firefighters in China and USA

The comparative analysis was carried out in the aspects of casualty number, accident type, death cause, etc., according to the casualty data of firefighters in China and USA from 2000 to 2014. The results showed that the ratio of alarm number and death number and the death number of firefighters per 100,000 fires in China are higher than those in USA. The death numbers of firefighters caused by the fire scene operation in both countries are the biggest, and the accident numbers are also the biggest. The other main death causes of firefighters in China are the building collapse, explosion, and traffic accidents. So preventing the building collapse accidents, improving the emergency risk avoiding ability of firefighters, and cultivating the safety awareness of firefighters are the abilities need to be strengthened urgently for firefighters in China. The results have a certain guiding significance to further enhance the capability construction of the firefighting team and reduce the casualties of firefighters.