矿山救援队自身伤亡事故新特点及防治对策

为有效防止矿山救援队自身伤亡事故，通过统计1953-2013年期间的81例矿山救援队自身伤亡事故，研究其新特点与防治对策。结果表明:矿井火灾和爆炸事故救援始终是诱发救援队自身伤亡事故可能性最大的救灾作业类型，近年来这一特点更为明显，且火灾事故救援诱发瓦斯爆炸也成为导致自身伤亡的重要特征。因此，强化救援小队管理，改善救援技术与装备，重视预防性安全检查，提升应急决策与指挥的合理性，保障应急处置的安全并重点提高火灾与爆炸事故应急处置能力，是预防矿山救援自身伤亡事故的必要手段。

New characteristics and countermeasures of mine rescue teams' own casualties accident

With the purpose of effectively preventing the own casualties accidents of mine rescue teams, the new characteristics and countermeasures of mine rescue teams' own casualties accidents were studied through the statistical analysis on 81 cases of mine rescue teams' own casualties accidents in 1953-2013. The results showed that the mine fire and explosion accidents rescue were always the rescue operation types with the greatest possibility to cause the own casualties accidents of mine rescue teams, and this feature was more obvious in recent years. Moreover, the gas explosion caused by fire accident rescue has become an important characteristic of mine rescue teams' own casualties. Therefore, the necessary countermeasures to prevent the own casualties of mine rescue were put forward, such as strengthening the rescue team management, improving the rescue technology and equipment, paying attention to the preventive safety check, improving the rationality of emergency decision-making and command, ensuring the safety of emergency disposal, and focusing on improving the emergency disposal capability of fire and explosion accidents.