双出口疏散吸引区域模型建立与模拟分析

为研究建筑体内人员疏散的出口选择行为,提出基于元胞自动机的人员疏散模型。以学校常见的双出口教室为例进行研究，建立双出口疏散吸引区域模型，得出人员密度较低和较高时疏散吸引区域边界的函数表达式，指出人员密度较高时，边界函数基本满足边界到出口距离的平方之比等于出口的宽度之比；通过对出口宽度、人员数量和出口位置等参量进行仿真分析，充分验证了提出的双出口疏散吸引区域模型的合理性；研究结果有助于合理分配疏散人员，充分发挥建筑疏散的潜在能力。

Modeling and simulation analysis on evacuation attraction region model for double exits

In order to study the behavior of exit selection during the process of personnel evacuation in building, a personnel evacuation model based on cellular automata (CA) was put forward. Taking the common classroom with double exits in the school as example, an evacuation attraction region model for double exits was established, and the function expressions on the boundary of evacuation attraction region under the lower and higher personnel densities were obtained. The results showed that when the personnel density was higher, the boundary function basically accorded with the relationship that the ratio of the square on the distance from boundary to exit was equal to the ratio of the exit width. Through the simulation analysis on the parameters of exit width, personnel quantity and exit position, the rationality of the proposed evacuation attraction region model for double exits was fully verified. The results contribute to distribute the evacuation personnel reasonably, and fully play the potential ability of building evacuation.