抚顺西露天油页岩可培养微生物的分离与鉴定

为了解油页岩中可培养微生物的多样性,利用稀释平板培养法对我国抚顺盆地西露天组油页岩中可培养微生物进行分离纯化,并对所获菌株进行16S rDNA(细菌)和rDNA ITS(真菌)序列测定和系统发育树分析.以营养琼脂培养基分离到8株细菌,以马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基分离到4株真菌.16S rDNA序列测定结果表明细菌菌株属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属(Lysinibacillus),短杆菌属(Brevibacillus),类芽胞杆菌属(Paenibacillus)和红球菌属(Rhodococcus); rDNA ITS序列测定结果显示真菌菌株分别属于芽枝霉属(Cladosporium),曲霉属(Aspergillus),犁头霉属(Absidia)和正青霉属(Eupenicillium). 2株细菌(ZK4和ZK5)能够在以油页岩为唯一碳源和氮源的固体培养基上连续生长5代以上,且长势良好, 可作为油页岩生物转化的潜力菌株进行深入研究.

Isolation and identification of cultivable microorganisms in oil shale from Fushun western open group,China.

To study the diversity of cultured microorganisms from oil shale samples in Fushun west open pit mine, cultured microorganisms were isolated and purified by dilution-plate method, and then were identified and phylogenetically analyzed by 16S rDNA sequences (bacteria) and ITS-rDNA sequences (fungi). The results showed that the 8 bacterial isolates from nutrient agar medium belonged to 5 genera (Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Brevibacillus, Paenibacillus and Rhodococcus), and the 4 fungal isolates from potato dextrose agar medium belonged to 4 genera (Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Absidia and Eupenicillium). 2 bacterial strains (ZK4 and ZK5) could grow well on the agar medium with oil shale as the sole carbon and nitrogen source for more than 5 generations, and were further considered as potential strains for the biotransformation of oil shale.