城市土地集约利用研究进展

城市土地集约利用是城市土地利用变化研究的重要内容之一。了解城市土地集约利用的机理、过程和效应,有助于优化城市土地利用空间结构,提高城市土地利用效率,缓解资源环境约束带给城市发展的压力以及促进城市可持续发展。文章从3个方面对国内外城市土地集约利用研究进行了梳理和总结:①研究尺度,包括空间尺度和时间尺度;②研究内容,包括城市土地集约利用的内涵和相关理论、集约利用评价、集约利用驱动机制、集约利用效应、集约利用途径;③研究方法,包括统计分析和计量分析方法、基于过程的动态模型方法、GIS空间分析方法和其他研究方法。最后对其未来的发展方向提出了一些建议,认为在研究尺度上,应加强多尺度、多层次、时间序列的研究;在研究内容上,应加强基础理论、机理、过程和效应的研究;在研究方法上,应加强计量分析、空间分析和动态模型应用。

Research Progress in Urban Land Intensive Use

Urban land intensive use is regarded as an important content for the research of urban land use change. Understanding the mechanism, process, and effects of urban land intensive use is helpful to optimize the urban spatial structure, improve the efficiency of urban land use, ease the pressure of urban development brought by resource and environmental constraints, and promote sustainable urban development. In this paper, scale, contents and methods which were presented in urban land intensive use research are concluded elaborately: 1) There are three kinds of scale in spatiality. Macro scale contains whole country, urban agglomeration and provinces; medium scale includes cities and functional region; while micro scale indicates parcel. Another scale is time which contains section data and panel data, and it maybe more valuable to analyse the variation and developing tendency of urban land intensive use with panel data. 2) As for the contents, connotation, theories, evaluation, driving forces, effects and approaches are mainly discussed in the literatures. Urban land intensive use has multifunctional and dynamic characteristics, and pays more attention to land use structure, land use intensity and land use efficiency. The evaluation of urban land intensive use is widely concerned, accordingly achieves considerable achievement, which mainly includes evaluation index system, spatial differentiation, comparisons between different industry trades and potential estimation. The driving forces of urban land intensive use are affected by spatial scales and time scales. The effects and approaches of urban land intensive use are weakly concerned, especially in China. 3) Some methods have been applied in researches, such as statistic analysis, econometric analysis, dynamic process model and spatial analysis. In addition, PSR model, DPSIR model and life cycle assessment are also helpful to the research. Although much progress has been made in theory and practice of urban land intensive use research, and some important results have been obtained, there still have certain problems in previous researches. Some suggestions which help to develop the research are as follows: Firstly, multi-level, multi-scale and time series research should be adequately emphasized to realize characteristics of urban land intensive use. Secondly, the theoretical foundation, intrinsic mechanism, dynamic process and comprehensive effects should be studied deeply. Lastly, econometric analysis, dynamic process model and spatial analysis should be applied extensively.