深水内波条件下井喷原油扩散规律数值仿真分析

为研究深水内波条件下井喷原油扩散问题，基于计算流体动力学CFD方法，建立深水内波条件下的溢油扩散后果预测模型，研究深水溢油在内波流场中的扩散规律，评估溢油在内波流中的上浮时间、扩散距离等关键风险参数，探讨内波工况、井喷流量及海况条件对深水溢油扩散行为和后果的影响。研究表明:泄漏原油喷射涌入海水中形成射流和羽流，向下部海流出口方向偏移，上升至250m处原油破碎分散为小油滴，受内波剪切作用，扩散范围增大，并向上部海流出口方向偏移，溢出点位置位于泄漏口正上方附近；内波流速变化对原油运移至海面所需时间无明显影响，对横向扩散参数有较明显影响；泄漏速率变化对原油的溢出时间和横向扩散参数均有较明显影响；海况条件对原油溢出时间、运移过程和扩散范围均有较明显影响，其中内波条件下，井喷溢油造成的危害最大。

Numerical simulation on diffusion law of crude oil resulting from blowout under internal wave in deep water

Aiming at the diffusion of oil resulting from blowout under internal wave in deep water, a prediction model on consequence of oil spill diffusion under internal wave in deep water was established based on CFD method. The diffusion law of deep-water oil spill in internal wave flow field was studied, and the key risk parameters such as the ascent time and diffusion distance of oil spill in internal wave flow were evaluated, then the influence of different internal wave conditions, blowout flow rates and sea conditions on the diffusion behavior and consequence of deep-water oil spill was discussed. The results showed that the leaking crude oil flow into the seawater and form jet and plume, then move towards the direction of lower marine outfall. The crude oil break and scatter into small oil droplets when rising to 250 m, and the diffusion range increases under the shearing effect of internal wave. Then the oil moves towards the direction of upper marine outfall, and the overflow point locates right above the leakage hole. The change of internal wave flow velocity has no obvious influence on the ascent time of crude oil to sea surface, but has more obvious influence on the lateral diffusion parameters. The change of leakage rate has more obvious influence both on the ascent time and the lateral diffusion parameters of crude oil. The sea conditions has more obvious influence on the ascent time, migration process and diffusion range of crude oil. The oil spill caused by blowout has the greatest hazard under internal wave conditions.