基于比奥动力固结理论的尾矿坝地震响应分析

上游法尾矿坝坝体密实度低，饱和区域大，地震作用下极易发生液化进而引起溃坝等重大事故，基于比奥动力固结理论和广义塑性模型，采用有效应力有限单元法对上游法尾矿坝的地震动力响应进行了非线性时程动力计算分析。结果表明坝体地震加速度响应、残余变形、超静孔压等计算结果符合一般规律，其中坝顶下部的超静孔压比值最大，从尾矿坝底部到顶部，加速度放大系数先稍微减弱后显著变大，呈明显的鞭梢效应，说明上游法尾矿坝坝顶部位是地震作用下最为危险的区域，采用弹塑性本构模型对尾矿坝进行非线性动力固结分析是可行的。

Earthquake response analysis of tailings dam based on Biot dynamic consolidation theory

Upstream type tailings dams are prone to have serious accident for its low compactness and high degree of saturation, which usually lead to accumulating pore pressure and liquefaction. Based on Biot dynamic consolidation theory and the generalized plasticity model, the earthquake response of an upstream type tailings dam was studied with nonlinear effective stress finite element method. The results show that acceleration response, residual deformation, and excess pore pressure feature agree well with the general rule of tailings dam under earthquake shaking. Excess pore pressure ratio below dam crest has the maximum value. Amplification factor of acceleration from bottom to crest first decreases, then increases and reaches the maximum value at the dam crest, showing a remarkable whiplash effect. Consequently, zone near crest is the most dangerous under earthquake action and should be payed attention to in designing and construction. Research results show that nonlinear elasto-plastic finite element analysis of tailings dam is an effective and prospective method.