典型血吸虫病疫区表层水中酚类化合物的污染特征及潜在风险

为研究典型血吸虫病疫区酚类化合物的污染现状,通过采集枯水期松澧洪道、藕池河下游和沱江这3条河的南县段27个表层水样,采用高灵敏的GC-MS/MS技术对水样中14种酚类化合物进行分析,结果表明松澧洪道、藕池河下游和沱江表层水样中Σ酚类的浓度分别为878.05、148.36和594.49 ng.L-1.松澧洪道水样中Σ氯代酚的浓度为203.03 ng.L-1,Σ非氯代酚的浓度为97.21 ng.L-1,在这3条河流水样中都是最高的;t-检验的结果显示3条河流水样中的Σ氯代酚之间以及Σ非氯代酚之间都不存在显著性差异(P>0.05).五氯酚、2-硝基酚、2,6-二氯酚和苯酚是松澧洪道水样中主要的污染物,分别占这条河流总酚类污染物质量分数的27%、54%、4.4%和1%;2-硝基酚和2,6-二氯酚是藕池河下游与沱江水样中主要的污染物,这2类污染物分别占藕池河下游水样中总酚类污染物质量分数的61%和4.3%,占沱江水样中总酚类污染物质量分数的30%和2%.研究结果中五氯酚的检出浓度与文献报道的国内血吸虫病疫区水样中的浓度相比较,表明该研究区水样中五氯酚的浓度处于各疫区的中等污染水平,说明因五氯酚及其降解产物的污染会给当地水环境带来潜在风险.

Pollution Characteristics and Potential Risks of Phenolic Compounds in Schistosomiasis Epidemic Areas

Twenty-seven surface water samples were collected from Songli spillway, Ouchi River downstream, Tuojiang River in Nanxian County in order to investigate the pollution characteristics of phenolic compounds in schistosomiasis epidemic areas. The contents of 14 phenolic compounds in surface water samples were measured using Varian CP3800/300 GC-MS/MS technique. The total concentrations of the phenolic compounds in the samples from Songli spillway, Ouchi River downstream, Tuojiang River were 878.05 ng·L^-1, 148.36 ng·L^-1 and 594.49 ng·L^-1, respectively. The concentration of chlorinated phenols and non-chlorinated phenols in samples from Songli spillway are separately 203.03 ng·L^-1 and 97.21 ng·L^-1, which are the highest among the concentrations of these phenols detected in water samples among the three rivers. Significant t-test analysis indicated that there is no significant difference between the concentrations of chlorinated phenols (or non-chlorinated phenols) in these samples from those rivers (P>0.05). Pentachlorophenol, 2-nitrophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol and phenol are the most predominant phenolic compounds which respectively accounted for 27%, 54%, 4.4% and 1% in the samples from Songli spillway, 2-nitrophenol and 2,6-dichlorophenol are the most predominant compounds which respectively accounted for 61% and 4.3% in Ouchi River downstream, and 30% and 2% in Tuojiang River. The levels of phenolic compounds in the samples were in the same order of magnitude of those reported on moderate levels in these schistosome-endemic areas, which shows that there exists certain potential risk due to pentachlorophenol and its derivatives pollution in local water environment.