杭州市春季大气超细颗粒物粒径谱分布特征

2012年3~5月,采用快速迁移率粒径谱仪(fast mobility particle sizer,FMPS)对杭州市大气超细颗粒物数浓度进行了连续监测和分析研究.结果表明,核模态(5.6~20 nm)、爱根核模态(20~100 nm)、积聚模态(100~560 nm)以及总颗粒物(5.6~560 nm)日均数浓度值分别为0.84×104、1.08×104、0.47×104和2.38×104cm-3.晴天天气下,爱根核模态颗粒物浓度较高,且可观测到核模态和爱根核模态颗粒在早上10:00~11:00开始增加,3~4 h后结束,这说明太阳照射强度促进了新粒子形成.在工作日与周末,人为活动因素使各模态颗粒物浓度分布有明显差异.结合天气因素分析可知,风速和风向也直接影响颗粒物浓度;颗粒物浓度与能见度分析结果表明:杭州地区大气能见度的高低受核模态和爱根核模态的颗粒影响较小,与积聚模态颗粒物浓度呈负相关关系.

Characterization of Ultrafine Particle Size Distribution in the Urban Atmosphere of Hangzhou in Spring

Continuous measurement and analysis of the atmospheric ultrafine particle number concentration were performed in Hangzhou from March to May, 2012 by using the fast mobility particle sizer(FMPS).The result showed that daily number concentration of nucleation mode(5.6-20 nm),Aitken mode(20-100 nm),and accumulation mode (100-560 nm) particles, and total particles were 0.84×10⁴, 1.08×10⁴, 0.47×10⁴ and 2.38×10⁴ cm^-3 respectively. The concentration of Aitken mode particles was higher than that of other mode particles in sunny day. The nucleation mode and Aitken mode particles usually started to increase around 10:00-11:00 and ended up after 3-4 h. This indicated the solar radiation promoted the formation of new particles. Human activities caused the concentration distribution of each mode particles having an obvious difference between workdays and weekends. Combined with the meteorological factors, analysis showed that the wind speed and wind direction also directly influenced particulate concentration. The analysis of particulate concentration and visibility showed that the concentration of accumulation mode particles had a negative relationship with the atmospheric visibility, while those of nucleation mode and Aitken mode particles had a slight influence on it.