资源贫瘠地区农户技术采用的影响因素分析

引入双槛模型,分两个阶段考察滇西南资源贫瘠地区农户改良陆稻技术采用行为的影响因素。第一,农户决定是否采用改良陆稻技术(采用决定)的影响因素;第二,如果采用,农户决定改良陆稻技术采用程度(采用程度决定)的影响因素。研究发现,影响农户决定是否采用改良陆稻技术的因素和影响农户决定改良陆稻技术采用程度的因素存在很大差异。农户所拥有的资源禀赋状况,例如耕地面积、市场远近、缺粮程度、海拔高度和有无技术推广项目等对农户的采用决定有显著的正向影响;而家庭劳动力比重和水田面积比例则有显著的负向影响。农户家庭规模和台地面积比例对农户技术采用程度决定呈现显著的正向影响,而耕地面积、水田面积比例和海拔高度则对其呈现显著的负向影响。因此,在制定资源贫瘠山区的农业技术推广政策时,应该充分注意区分影响技术推广广度和深度的不同因素,使不同政策措施更能在资源缺乏的情况下具有适应性和针对性。

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Farmers' Technology Adoption in Resource-poor Mountainous Area

By employing a double-hurdle model and using a two-stage approach, this article investigates factors influencing farmers' decision on upland rice technology adoption in resource-poor southern Yunnan from two stages: first, farmers' decision on whether or not to adopt upland rice technologies, and second, the decision on the extent (area) to which upland rice varieties is adopted. It is found that there are great differences between factors that influence decision on whether or not to adopt the technologies and factors that influence decision on the extent of adoption. Farm's resources endowments, including farm size, distance to market, extent of food insecurity, elevation and whether there are available extension programs, have significant positive effects on whether or not to adopt upland rice technologies, while the proportion of family labor forces and the proportion of rice land area have significant negative effects. Household size and the proportion of terrace land area have significant positive effects on decision of the extent (area) to which upland rice varieties is adopted, while cultivated land area, the proportion of rice land area and elevation have significant negative effects on the decision. These suggest that in order to make more adaptable interventions regarding upland rice technologies extension in the resource-poor areas, much great attention should be given in differentiating factors that determine extensity of technology adoption and factors that determine intensity of technology adoption.