整治塔里木河上、中游用水结构,恢复和重建下游绿色走廊

塔里木河下游的卡拉到罗布庄(台特马湖口)，河道长度491kin，塔河中、上游大规模水土开发，使其下游的水量不断减少。从20世纪70年代开始，大西海子水库就成了塔里木河最终归宿地，两大沙漠在绿色走廊的多处合拢。绿色走廊生态危机已越来越显露出来，遏制塔河下游生态恶化趋势刻不容缓，重新构筑绿色长城不能在延误了。笔者于2002-10月和2004—05月先后两次对塔河中、下游地区进行实地考察，在实地考察和前人研究资料的基础上，对整治塔河上、中游，恢复和重建下游绿色走廊问题进行探讨。

Improvement of The Upstream and The Midstream of Tarim River,Recovery and Reconstruction of The Downstream of Tarim River

The downstream of Tarim River Basin,which is 491 km in length from Kara to Taitma Lake,it also is a very important passage way to the inland of China and has an important role in preventing Takramagan Desert and Kurumtag Desert from merging into a whole.Although,with the rapid increase of population and blind reclamation and irrational utilization of resources over 50 years,the problems of the ecological environment of Tarim River Basin,such as degeneration of the natural vegetation and the natural grasslands,shortening of the river,shrinkage of dried-up of the lakes,and continuous enlargement of the area of the desertified and the salinized lands,have been a focus that all social circles pay close attention to it.Therefore,protection and improvement of the ecological environment of Tarim River Basin is an emergency task at present.