基于公平原则的海域—流域水污染物总量分配方法研究

陆地和海洋是相互影响、相互制约的生态系统，海洋水污染物总量控制目标的实现取决于陆域排污情况，而陆域排污分配要充分考虑其对海洋环境的影响。本文从"海陆统筹"的环境管理角度，基于公平原则，充分考虑海域和陆域之间的相互影响及分配区域的现状情况，给出了"海域-流域-行政区"链条式的水污染物总量控制思路和"初次分配-公平性评估-优化调整再分配"的水污染物总量分配方法。分配过程采用了层次分析法、熵值法、基尼系数法等经典的公平方法，并在辽东湾-辽河流域COD总量分配中予以应用，可为有效治理海洋环境污染问题提供借鉴。

Research on total amount allocation of sea and watershed water pollutants based on fairness principle

Land and ocean are the ecosystems of mutual interaction and restriction, the realization of marine pollutants control depends on the situations of terrestrial pollution, and the total amount allocation of terrestrial pollutants should also consider their affects to ocean environment.Considered from the environmental management point of the "Overall planning of the land and the sea", and also their mutual interaction and restriction, This paper puts forward a total amount control thinking of "Sea area-Watershed-Administrative Region" and an allocation method of "Prime allocation-Assessment-Reallocation", based on the fairness principle.This paper adopts classic fairness methods, such as Analytic hierarchy process, Entropy value method, Gini coefficient method, and use them in the Liaodong Bay and Liao River Watershed total amount allocation of COD pollutants.The point of this paper can provide decision-making basis for ocean environmental departments.