基于能值分析的小型港口可持续发展评价:以海阳港为例

运用能值分析构建小型港口发展可持续性评价模型和指标体系，以中国山东省烟台市海阳港为研究对象，利用2015年数据分析和评价了该港口生态经济系统的特征和可持续性。研究结果表明:（1）2015年海阳港生态经济系统的能值总投入为2.91×1021 sej，不可更新工业辅助能占主体地位；（2）能值自给率、集疏运稳定性、净能值产出率、单位吞吐量能值消耗、能值生态承载力和可持续发展能力指标均低于同行业或同地区平均水平，废弃物能值比率、环境负荷率、能值交换率和能值密度指标处于较高水平；（3）存在对可更新自然资源利用少、来自外部购买能值比例过高和对污水、固体废物缺乏有效的综合利用的问题；（4）有必要在节约能源、设备降耗、利用可再生能源、水资源循环利用和构筑物造价控制5个方面采取有效措施，增强港口可持续发展能力。

Sustainable development of small local port based on anemergy analysis: A case of Haiyang port

The present study used emergy analysis to develop a evaluation model and index system for the eco-economic systems of small local ports.We selected Haiyang Port in Shandong Province of China as the research object and used data from 2015 to analyze and examine the features and Sustainability of the small local port's eco-economic systems.The results show that:(1) the total emergy input to the eco-economic systems of Haiyang Port is 2.91×1021 sej, and the non-renewable industrial auxiliary energy accounted for the principal portion of emergy; (2) the values of emergy self-sufficiency ratio (ESR), stability of port (S), net emergy yield ratio (NEYR), emergy of port-throughput (EPT), emergy of ecological carrying capacity (EEC) and emergy Sustainability index (ESI) are lower than the average levels of same industry or area, while the values of environmental waste ratio (EWR), environmental loading ratio (ELR), environmental exchange ratio (EER) and emergy density (ED) are at a higher level; (3) There are some problems in the eco-economic systems of Haiyang Port, such as poor exploitation and utilization of the renewable resources from the natural system, over-reliance on purchased emergy from the system's exterior, non-renewable industrial auxiliary energy, a lack of comprehensive utilization of sewage and solid wastes. (4) five development strategies should be adopted as follows:energy Saving, Equipment Saving, renewable energyutilization, reclaimed Water reusing and structures cost controlling in order to enhance the Sustainability of the port.