长江上游水土流失主要成因与防治对策

长江上游水土流失面积广 ,侵蚀强度大 ,是其生态环境退化的重要标志。水土流失加剧是人类不合理活动 ,主要有陡坡种植、森林砍伐、草场退化、工程破坏等所使然。当前严重的水土流失状况是自然因素与人为因素综合作用的结果。防治长江上游水土流失关键是通过改变人类不合理的生产方式和开发方式 ,引导人类活动向与自然协调、与水土保持相一致的方向发展 ,并对退化生态系统进行恢复与重建。

Major Causes of Soil Erosion in the Upper Yangtze River Valley and the Control Countermeasures

Characterized by vast coverage and extra intensity, soil erosion in the Upper Yangtze River Valley has become an important indicator of the ecological and environmental deterioration in the region. Soil erosion is in part induced by natural factors such as geomorphology, geology, vegetation and precipitation, and their integrated effects, whereas aggravated erosion must be imputed to irresponsible human activities such as steep slope land cultivation, deforestation, grassland degradation and construction projects, etc.Nowadays, serious soil erosion in the valley occure as a result of the integrated effects of natural factors and human activities. The key to the control of the soil erosion in the valley is to bring human activities into harmony with the nature and conservation of soil and water by replacing unreasonable production and exploitation patterns with ecology friendly ones and by restoring and reconstructing the ecological systems, which are now still deteriorating.