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Nitrogen concentrations in mosses indicate the spatial distribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in Europe |
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| Authors: | Harmens H Norris D A Cooper D M Mills G Steinnes E Kubin E Thöni L Aboal J R Alber R Carballeira A Coşkun M De Temmerman L Frolova M González-Miqueo L Jeran Z Leblond S Liiv S Maňkovská B Pesch R Poikolainen J Rühling A Santamaria J M Simonèiè P Schröder W Suchara I Yurukova L Zechmeister H G |
| Institution: | a Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK b Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway c Finnish Forest Research Institute, Kirkkosaarentie 7, 91500 Muhos, Finland d FUB-Research Group for Environmental Monitoring, Alte Jonastrasse 83, 8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland e University of Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain f Environmental Agency of Bolzano, 39055 Laives, Italy g Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, 17100 Çanakkale, Turkey h Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium i Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Agency, Maskavas Str. 165, Riga, LV 1019, Latvia j University of Navarra, Irunlarrea No 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain k Jo?ef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia l Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, Case 39, 75005 Paris, France m Tallinn Botanic Garden, Kloostrimetsa tee 52, 11913 Tallinn, Estonia n Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Science, Štefánikova Str. 3, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia o Chair of Landscape Ecology, University of Vechta, PO Box 1553, D-49356 Vechta, Germany p Humlekärrshultsvägen 10, 572 41 Oskarshamn, Sweden q Slovenian Forestry Institute, Slovenia r Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Kvetnove namesti 391, 252 43 Pruhonice, Czech Republic s Institute of Botany, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria t University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria |
| Abstract: | In 2005/6, nearly 3000 moss samples from (semi-)natural location across 16 European countries were collected for nitrogen analysis. The lowest total nitrogen concentrations in mosses (<0.8%) were observed in northern Finland and northern UK. The highest concentrations (≥1.6%) were found in parts of Belgium, France, Germany, Slovakia, Slovenia and Bulgaria. The asymptotic relationship between the nitrogen concentrations in mosses and EMEP modelled nitrogen deposition (averaged per 50 km × 50 km grid) across Europe showed less scatter when there were at least five moss sampling sites per grid. Factors potentially contributing to the scatter are discussed. In Switzerland, a strong (r2 = 0.91) linear relationship was found between the total nitrogen concentration in mosses and measured site-specific bulk nitrogen deposition rates. The total nitrogen concentrations in mosses complement deposition measurements, helping to identify areas in Europe at risk from high nitrogen deposition at a high spatial resolution. |
| Keywords: | Biomonitoring EMEP maps Moss survey Nitrogen deposition |
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