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Environmental impact of sunscreen nanomaterials: ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of altered TiO2 nanocomposites on Vicia faba |
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| Authors: | Foltête Anne-Sophie Masfaraud Jean-François Bigorgne Emilie Nahmani Johanne Chaurand Perrine Botta Céline Labille Jérôme Rose Jérôme Férard Jean-François Cotelle Sylvie |
| Institution: | a Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes (LIEBE), Université Paul Verlaine-Metz, CNRS UMR 7146, Campus Bridoux, Avenue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France b Centre Européen de Recherches et d’Enseignement des Géosciences de l’Environnement (CEREGE), UMR 6635 CNRS/Aix-Marseille Université, Europôle de l’Arbois, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France c iCEINT, International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, France1 |
| Abstract: | Mineral sunscreen nanocomposites, based on a nano-TiO2 core, coated with aluminium hydroxide and dimethicone films, were submitted to an artificial ageing process. The resulting Altered TiO2 Nanocomposites (ATN) were then tested in the liquid phase on the plant model Vicia faba, which was exposed 48 h to three nominal concentrations: 5, 25 and 50 mg ATN/L. Plant growth, photosystem II maximum quantum yield, genotoxicity (micronucleus test) and phytochelatins levels showed no change compared to controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers remained unchanged in shoots while in roots, glutathione reductase activity decreased at 50 mg ATN/L and ascorbate peroxidase activity decreased for 5 and 25 mg ATN/L. Nevertheless, despite the weak response of biological endpoints, ICP-MS measurements revealed high Ti and Al concentrations in roots, and X-ray fluorescence micro-spectroscopy revealed titanium internalization in superficial root tissues. Eventual long-term effects on plants may occur. |
| Keywords: | Rutile Nanoparticles Alteration Titanium dioxide Risk assessment |
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