碳中和愿景下中国电力部门的生物质能源技术部署战略研究

2020年9月22日,习近平主席在第七十五届联合国大会上郑重承诺,中国将提高自主贡献力度,采取更加有力的政策和措施,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和。电力部门是我国能源系统实现碳中和的关键,而生物质能源技术在电力部门的部署对于推动实现碳中和具有不可替代的重要意义。本文针对三类生物质能源的发电技术,包括生物质直燃/气化发电、生物质耦合发电、生物质与碳捕获封存技术联合发电,分析了技术的国内外发展现状,并从技术可行性、资源可行性、经济可行性和环境影响等方面评析了其在推动电力部门低碳转型过程中的可行性。同时,结合碳中和愿景下电力部门的减排要求及对相关技术潜力的最新研判,对生物质能源技术在我国电力部门的部署提出了相应的政策建议。

The Deployment Strategy of Bioenergy Technology in China's Power Sector Under the Vision of Carbon Neutrality

On September 22, 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping promised that China would scale up its intended nationally determined contributions by adopting more vigorous policies and measures to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060, at the general debate of the 75th session of the United Nations General Assembly. The power sector is important to realize carbon neutrality in the whole energy system of China, and the deployment of biomass energy technologies in the power sector is of great significance to promote the carbon neutrality. In this paper, we summarized three types of power generation technologies of biomass energy, including biomass direct combustion/gasification power generation, biomass co-firing power generation, biomass power generation combined carbon capture and storage technology. We analyzed the development status of related technologies, the gap between domestic and foreign development, the technical feasibility, resource feasibility, economic feasibility and environmental effects in promoting the low-carbon transformation of the power sector. Given the carbon neutral target requirement in the power sector and the related technology potential, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations for the deployment of biomass energy technology in China''s power sector.